Comparing the costs of different urban sanitation solutions in developing cities in Africa and Asia

A short policy brief summarising a literature review that explored the costs of various urban sanitation solutions. The review indicates that conventional sewer systems are the most expensive solution, followed by systems based on septic tanks, ventilated improved pits (VIP), urine-diverting dry toilets (UDDT), then pour-flush pit latrines. Simplified sewer systems may cost less than both conventional sewer systems and septic tank-based systems.