Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) for urban populations is one of UNICEF’s emerging areas of focus, highlighted in its Global WASH Strategy (2016–2030). In the Middle East, UNICEF is engaged in supporting urban populations affected by protracted conflict, either in their home cities or, having fled conflict, in locations to which they have been displaced. Provision of WASH services in these circumstances has presented the organisation with new and unfamiliar challenges as it seeks to ensure WASH for the vulnerable amid the devastation. Valuable lessons have been learned over the past few years as the organisation builds its experience and expertise in these particularly difficult situations. The focus of this Field Note is Syria’s urban WASH programme, documenting the experience in implementing WASH in a city which has endured years of protracted conflict, and is designed as a learning note for the organisation as it strengthens its role in urban areas.